Loom for weaving pile fabrics.



E. W. GRUIKSHANK & M. R. ELMORE.

LOOM FDR WEAVING PILE FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED HA3. 8, 1910. 1,027,995, Patented May 28, 1912.

. 12 8HEETS-SHEET 1.

I nuantogg B. W. GRUIKSHANK & M. R. ELMORE.

LOOM FOR WEAVING PILE FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED HA3. 8, 1910. h 1,027,995, Patented May 28, 1912.

12 SHEETS-SHBET 2.

anuentozg dtbosnugo E. W. CRUIKSHANK & M. R. BLMORE. LOOM FOB. WEAVINGPILE FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. a, 1910.

1,027,995. Patented May 28, 1912.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

JN WN E. W. GRUIKSHANK & M. R. ELMORE.

LOOM FOR WEAVING PILB FABRICS. APPLICATION FILED 1mm, 1910.

1,027,995. Patented May 28, 1912.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Wihwooeo ff a...

E. W. ORUIKSHANK & M. R. ELMORE. LOOM FOR WEAVING FILE FABRICS.

APPLIOATIOH IILED MAB. 8, 1910.

Patented May 28, 1912.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

W animators Mil/g E. W. CRUIKSHANK & M. R. ELMORE.

.LOOM FOR WEAVING PILE FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED MABB, 1910.

Patented May 28, 1912.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

anuantoqs E. W. CRUIKSHANK & M. R. ELMORE.

- LOOM FOR WEAVING PILE FABRICS.

. APPLICATION FILED MAB. 8, 1910. 1,027,995, Patented May 28, 1912.

' 12 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

E. W. GRUIKSHANK & M. R. ELMORE.

LOOM FOR WEAVING PILE FABRICS. APPLICATION FILED MAR-8, 1910.

Patented May 28, 1912.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

mwN

E. W. GRUIKSHANK & M. R. ELMORE.

LOOM FOR WEAVING PILE FABRICS.

' APPLICATION FILED MAB.8, 1910.

Patented May 28, 1912.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 9.

Wihwooeo E. W. CRUIKSHANK & M. R. ELMORE. LOOM FOR WEAVING PILE FABRICS.APPLICATION FILED MAR. 8, I910.

1,0Q?,995, Patented May 28,1912.

12 SHEETS-SHEET 10.

E. W. GRUIKSHANK & M. R. ELMORB.

LOOM FOR WEAVING PILE FABRICS.

APYLIQATION FILED MAB-8, 1910. 1,027,995., Patented May 28, 1912.

12 SHEETS-SHEET ll.

114 n 1 g 629 jd4/ w ii-1f gnvent s Mia/2 B. W. GRUIKSHANK & M. R.ELMORE. LOOM FOR WEAVING PILE FABRICS.

APPLICATION FILED MAB..8, 1910.

Patented May 28, 1912.

12 SHEETS-SHEET l2.

. Z/Z Z13 ill UNITED STATES ERNEST W. CRUIKSH ANK AND MILTON R. ELMORE,0F BALTIMORE, MARYLAND; SAID ELMORE ASSIGNOR TO ELLA CRUIKSHANK, OFBALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

LOOM FOR WEAVING PILE FABRICS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 28,1912.

Application filed March 8, 1910. Serial No. 547,999.

To all whom- 1' t may concern:

Be it known that we, ERNEST \V. Clam;- SII'ANK and MILTON R. ELMORE,citizens of the United States, residing at Baltimore, State of Maryland,have invented a new and useful Loom for \Veaving Pile Fabrics, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention has reference to improvements in looms and its object isto provide at 100111 especially adapted to the. weaving of tufted orpile fabrics and more particularly for the weaving of coir mats.

In accordance with the presentinvention the warp and weft strands oryarns are woven together in the usual manner, although the presentinvention contemplates certain improvements in the structures operatingon these strands, whilethetuft or pile yarns, or thrums, there beingusually but two such yarns, are fed into the machine parallel with theweftand are then looped and cut and locked in the fabric by mechanismembodying the present invent-ion, all the operations being automatic andin proper timed relation.

The tuft strands or yarns which may consistof one or two or morestrands, but which in the operation of the machine are treated as onestrand, will hereinafter be considered as one strand or yarn and will beso designated with the understanding that the term includes two or moreseparate yarns or strands as well as a single strand. Such tuft strandis fed across the warp shed and gripped and then by the operation of aseries of suit-able devicesacting progressively the strand is formedinto a series of loops between the warp strands, additional tuft strandbeing drawn into the machine for the purpose, and then the tuft strandis severed from the portion entering the loom and is then carried by thebeater blades against a previously laid Weft strand or thread to befollowed by the next succeeding weft strand under a second action of thebeater blades, the looped tuft strand being in the meantime cut at theouter ends of the loops so that the raw -ends constitute the wearingsurface of the finished fabric.

The invention also contemplates suit-able mechanism whereby theseseveral operations are performed automatically and in timed relation inan expeditious manner and without undue strain or wear on the partsmaking up the loom.

. The invention will be best understood troma consideration of thefollowing detail description taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawingsforming a part of tlnsspemfication, in which drawings F1gure ,1is an elevation of the loom as viewed from the delivery end of thestructure. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the loom. Flg. 3 is an elevationwith part-s removed of the left hand side of the machine as viewed inFigs. 1 and 2. Fig. 4 is a perspective vlew of cams used in connectionwith the loom. Fig. 5 is a detail section through the reed showing oneofthe beater blades in elevation. Fig. 6 is a view, at right angles to theshowing of Fig. 5, of a portion of the reed. Fig. 7 is a detailelevation, with parts insection, of the tuft yarn feeding and grippingmechanism and also showing the means for severing the tuft yarn orstrand. Fig. 8 is a section on line 'E-F of Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a sectionon the line GH of Fig. 7 but on a larger scale; Fig. 10 is an elevationof the tuft forming frame showing tuft hooks and operating mechanismtherefor. Fig. 11 is a plan View, with parts in section, of a number ofthe tuft hook cranks or rock shafts and the operating bar therefor. Fig.12 is a section on the line I-J of Fig. 11. Fig. 13 is a section on theline K-L of Fig. 11 showing one of the tuft strand lifting hooks inplace. Fig. 14 is an elevation showing the upper right hand end of thestructure of Fig. 3 on a larger scale with some parts in section andother parts omitted. Fig. 15 is a detail section showing a portion ofone of the tuft lifting hooks and the tuft severing knife ocooperatingtherewith. Fig. 16 is a detail view, with parts in section, showingtheshifting mechanism for the clutch for throwing the shuttle actuatingdisk and the tuft mechanism actuating disk. Fig. 17 is a section on theline M-N of Fig. 16. Fig. 18 is a detail view of a portion of theactuating mechanism. Figs. 19 and 20 are perspective views of'a portionof the structure shown in Fig. 18. Figs. 21 to 28 both inclusive arediagrams illustrating the operation of the loom. Referring to thedrawings there is shown a main frame 1 suitably designed to support theseveral mechanisms entering into the construction of the loom, and itwill be understood that this frame may be otherwise shaped than shownfor the support of the several mechanisms.

the roller 3 are other rollers 4, 5.

Near one end of the framethere is journaled a shaft 2 carrying a roller3 and in normal engagement with At the other end of the machine there isjournaled a shaft 6 carrying a roller 7.

Entering the loom between the rollers 3, 4 and 5 are'warp threads oryarns 8 shown in Figs. 32 to 39 and the finished fabric passes out ofthe loom over the roller 7 to be wound on a, drum not shown in thedrawings or to be disposed of in any other suitable manner,

The shaft 2 carries a wormgear9 and the shaft 6 carries a worm gear 10,these gears being located in the showing of the drawings atone side ofthe loom. outslde the frame 1.

' Mounted in suitable bearings on the frame 1 is a shaft 11 carrying ateach end a worm 12 in mesh with the respective gears 9 and 10. On theshaft 11 there is ntounted a ratchet wheel 13. This ratchet is actuatedby a pawl 14 on an arm 15 mounted on and capable of turning on the shaft11 and to the outer end of the arm 15 there is connecteda link 16pivoted at the lower end to a slide 17 mountedin bearings 18 on the mainframe and provided with a tooth 19 in the path of radial arms 20 on ashaft 21 extending across the main frame near the lower portion thereofand supported in suitable bearings. At the other end, that is remotefrom the end carrying the arms 20 the shaft 21 is provided with a bevelgear wheel 22 in mesh with a pinion 23 on a shaft 24 jour naled inbearings on the same side of the frame 1, and this shaft 24 carriestight and loose pulleys 25, 26 for the application of power to the .loomby means of a suitable belt.

It will be understood of course that the tight and loose pulleys aresimply symbolical of any source of power and may be replaced with anelectric motor or any other means whereby ,power may be applied to theshaft 24.

It will be observed that the shaft 24 and the shaft 21 are rotatingcontinuously, but the shaft 11 has intermittent rotat-ive motionimparted thereto because of the engagement of the arms 20 with the tooth19 on the slide 17, these arms lifting the slide 17 and thereby throughthe link 16 and arm 15 causing the pawl 14 to move the ratchet portingrods 108 at opposite sides of the frame 1 and these rods are upheld bystandards 109 110, appropriately mounted on the frame 1. The rods 108extend in the same direction as the travel of. the warp strands throughthe machine and the reed frame 105 has an extent of movement along therods 108 so that at oneli'mit of its travel the blades 104 have each anedge 111 so disposed as together to form the shuttle race between theterminal members of the race and the blades 104 have each another edge112 so disposed as .to engage the weft strands after being laid by theshuttle, and to carry it by the travel of the reed to its other limitinto the desired relation to the warp strands to be bound in place bythe shift of the heddles and the warp strands carried thereby. Eachblade 104 is intermediately enlarged as shown at 113 and isthereprovided with a passage for a fiat pin 114 projecting fromthebeater edge 112 and overlying the shuttle race edge 111. The pin 114normally projects beyond the edge 112 and is maintainedyieldingly insuch position by a spring 115 fast at one end to the rear edge of therespective beater blade 104 and at theother end bearing against thecorresponding end of the respective pin 114. Any means may be employedfor preventing the pin 114 from projecting under the action of thespring 115 .beyond a definite distance and in the drawings such meansare typified by a header enlargement 116 on the rear end of the pin 114,this head being engaged by the end of the spring 115 which in theparticular showing of the drawings is a leaf spring, but of course anyother means for the projection of the pin 114 may be substituted forthis leaf spring.

- Attached to the sleeve 107 by means of ears 117 and pivot pins 118 arelinks 119 pivotally secured at-the other ends to the free ends ofdiverging arms 120 of a lever 121 formed With spaced fulcrum hubs 122from which extend arms 123 carrying weights 124 adjustable along saidarms. The hubs 122 are mounted on a shaft 125 but are not connected tosaid shaft, the latter being journaled in suitable bearings near thelower portion of-that end of the frame 1 into which thewarp strands areintroduced.

Fast to the lever 121 near the pivot point thereof is a roller 126 inthe path of a cam 127 on the shaft 21. This cam 127 is a multiple camhaving an active member 128 embracing about one half the circumferenceof the cam and other active members 129, 130 together including the"other half of the cam, so that in each revolution of the shaft 21 thelever 121 will be actuated by the cam three times with an interval ofrest between two of the active movement equal to the time of actuationby one of the cam members 129 and 130, the cam 127 being suitin Figs. 2and 3.

' ably shaped for this purpose. The cam 127 is best shown in Fig. 5although also visible The weights 124 on the arm 123 have a normaltendency to somove the lever 121 as to carry the reed frame 105 in adirection to force the weft strand to the crossing points of the warpstrands, while the cams 128, 129 and 130 act on the lever 121 to movethe same in a direction which will carry the reed frame to the otherlimit of its travel where the edges 111 are in the path of the shuttle,constituting the intermediate portion of the shuttle race.

In conjunction with the weaving structures already described there isprovided a tuft forming mechanism comprising means for feeding the tuftyarn, means for forming and positioning the loops of the tuft yarn, andmeans for cutting these loops to'expose the raw ends which constitutethe tread surface of the finished fabric.

The means for supplying the tuft yarn are shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 andmore in detail in Figs. 7, 8, and 9 and also in Figs. 12and13.

Secured to the frame 1 and extending beyond one side of the said frame,say to the left hand side as viewed in Fig. 2 is a supporting guide ortrack 131 having a laterally extended lowermember with upstanding sidemembers spaced apart with the upper edges of the side members inturnedas indicated at 132 in Fig.9 to override the bottom member in spacedrelation thereto, the inner. edges of the overhangs 132 being alsospaced apart. On the track between the side members and confined theretoby the overhangs 132 is a bar 133 of sufficient length for a purposewhich will hereinafter appear. Near the outer end the bar 133 hassecured thereto an arm 134 connected by a link 135, (see Figs. land 2)to the upper end of a lever 136 on the other side of the machine andpivotally supported at the lower endbetween ears 137 on the plate 94 atsaid end of the machine. At an intermediate point the lever 136 isconnected by a link 138 to a pin 139 eccentrically carried on a disk140-on one endof a sleeve 141,

see Fig. 16, having at the end remote from the disk 140 another disk 142provided on the face remote from the sleeve 141 with laterallyprojecting pins 143. The sleeve 141 is mounted in a bearing 144supported appropriately by the frame 1 or an extension thereof. It will.be understood of course that the disk 140,with its crank pin 139 may bereplaced by a crank arm.

Traversing the sleeve 141 is a shaft or rod 145 carrying a gear wheel146 adjacentto the disk 142 and this gear wheel may be provided withrecesses 147 matching the pins 143 so that when the gear wheel 146 ismoved sleeve 149 similar to the sleeve 141 but on the opposite side ofthe gear wheel 146 therefrom. The sleeve 149 carries a disk 150 havingon the face remote from the sleeve 149 projecting pins 151 movable intoand out of recesses 152 on the corresponding face of the gear wheel 146.The sleeve 149 on the end remote from the disk 150 carries a disk 153which is a crank disk similar to the disk 140. The sleeve 149 is mountedin bearings 154' similar to the bearings 140.

-The purpose of the disk 153 will appear hereinafter.

In the operation of the loom rotative movement is imparted to the disks140 and 153 at difierent times and for certain periods of time but thetwo disksare not in motion simultaneously. To drive the disk the gearwheel 146 is provided and this gear wheel is made movable longitudinallyof the rod or shaft 145 upon which it may turn freely. For this purposethere are provided two bell crank levers 155, 156 pivoted at 157 to anappropriate point of the main frame 1.

One arm of each bell crank lever 155 is I formed with opposed fingers158 at its free end in embracing relation to the gear wheel 146. Theother arm of the bell crank lever 155 is elongated as shown at 159 andat the free end carries a shoe 160 having a cam face 161 leading to acurved edge 162 which latter extends from the cam face 161- to the outerend of the shoe. This shoe is adjustably connected to the end of the arm159 by screws or bolts 163 extending through slots 164 in said shoe. 0

The cam face 161 and the curved edge 162 are in the path of an arm'165on the shaft 21, the arm 159 being of suflicient length and the partsbeing so proportioned and located that when the free end of the arm 165when rotating with the shaft 21 comes into engagement with the cam face161,the arm 159 of the lever 155 will be depressed thus carrying thefingers 158 on the other arm of the lever -155 in a direction to causethe gear wheel 146 to move from a normally intermediate position betweenthe disks 142 and 150 to engaging relation withthe pins 151 of the disk150 so that during the time the arm 165 is in engagement with the arm159 the disk 146 will impart rotative movement to the disk 153 and partsconnected to said disk will be actuated. In order that the time ofengagement of the gear wheel 146 with the disk 150 may be prolonged thefree end of the arm 165 remains for a time in engagement with the curvededge 162 of the shoe 5 160. This edge 162 of the shoe 160 is so relatedto the shaft 21 that during the time the arm 165 is in engagementtherewith no further movement of the arm 159 is caused.

The arm 159 and with it the lever 155 is maintained in a normallycentral position by opposed springs 166, 167 each attached at exceptthat instead of a long arm 159 it has a short arm 169 in turn connectedto a lever 170 mounted on a supporting standard 171 this lever having atthe end remote from the connection with the arm 169 a cam edge 172similar to the cam edge 161 of the shoe 160, and this cam edge 172 is inthe path of an arm 173 mounted on the shaft 21 and projecting from saidshaft, in the particular showing of the drawings, in a directiondiametrically opposite from the arm 165 but displaced from said arm 165along the shaft 21 for a sufficient distance to engage the cam edge.172. The lever 156 is centralized like the lever 155 by opposed springs174, 175, one carried by the bracket 168 and the other connected to afixed point of the frame 1 or other support. When the arm 173 engagesthe cam 172 of the lever 170, the lever 156 will be moved in a directionto cause the gear wheel 146 to be brought into engaging relation to thepins 143 of the disk 142 and the disk 140 will therefore be rotated anappropriate distance which distance is suflicient to give the disk 140one complete rotation thereby through the link 138 causing a movement ofthe lever 136 through one complete reciprocation in the two directionsof its movement, andthe parts are so proportioned that this movement issuflicient through the link 135 and arm 134 to cause the bar 133 to movealong the track 131from its normal position shown in Fig. 1 where it isat the left hand end of its travel, to the right hand end thereofandback again to the normal position.

The bar 133 has fast thereon an arm 176 terminating in a collar 177carrying one end of a tube 178 extending parallel with the bar 133 forthe distance adapting it to perform the operations to be described. Nearthe end of the tube 17 8 remote from the collar 177 is mounted a pawl179 so proportioned and mounted as to grip an article moving toward theother end of the tube 178 but permit movement of such article towardthat end pf? the tube 17 8 remote from the collar 1 The tube 17 8 isdesigned for'the passage more strands when acted upon simultaneously inthe manner to be described.

When the bar 133 is moved toward the right as viewed in the drawings, atuft strand extending through the tube 17 8 to and through the endcarrying the pawl 179 will be gripped by the pawl and carried along withthe tube 178 as it traverses the loom, the tuft strand of course comingfrom' a suitable source of supply which latter has been omitted from theshowing of the drawmgs. r

The tube 17 8 is so located as to traverse the loom through the warpshed immediately adjacent to the pat-h of the shuttle through the warpshed between the same and the crossing point of the warp strands, butthe parts are so timed in operation that the shut tle is not active whenthe tuft strand carrier is traversing the loom.

In the path of the delivery end of the tube 178, that is the endcarrying the pawl 179, but located on the other side of the loom fromthe supports of the tube 178, is a gripper 181 suitably supported on abracket 182 mounted on. an appropriate portion of the frame 1. Thegripper comprises two pivoted blades 183 having gripping ends 184adapted to engage and hold the strand 180 when introduced there between,and the blades 183 are brought together. The end of the gripper remotefrom the blades. 183 is formed into cam extensions 185 passed through aslot 186 in a lever 187 which latter is in the path of the bar 133whenmoved with the tube 17 8 across the loom, the bar 133 beingsufiiciently long for the purpose. The construction is such that whenthe tube 178 is moved across the loom and the projecting end of thestrand 180 which extends slightly beyond the end of the tube 17 8-isbrought between the jaws 183, the lever 187 is then in position topermit the opening of the jaws 184, but before the motion of the tube178 has ceased the bar 133 has been brought into engagement with thelever 187 nearer to the pivot point thereof than the gripper 181 andthis lever has been moved away from the pivot point of the gripper sothat the cam portions 185 are engaged and the jaws 184 are broughttogether in engaging relation to the strand 180, the gripper remainingin this position until released. The lever 187 is returned to its normalposition to permit the jaws 184 to separate by means to be hereinafterdescribed. The separation of the jaws 184 is brought. about by a spring188 fast to the ends of the armsv 185, this spring being put undercompressive stress when the jaws184 are brought together.

The tuft strand 180- is severed at the proper time from the portioncoming from the tube 178 by means best shown in Fi s.- 7 and 8. Twoshear blades 189, 190 are pivoted together at an intermediate point bya' pivot screw or pin 191 carried by'a bracket 192 fast at anappropriate point on the frame 1 orQan extension thereof. These bladesare so shaped that under normal conditions the ends recede one from theother and then approach and there overlie one another. At one end of theblades 1'89 and .190 their curved portions are traversed by thetube 178when it iscaused totravel toward the gripper 181, and the facing edges i193 of the corresponding ends of'the arms 189 and 190 constitute shearedges which when made to pass each other engage the The other edgesthere is normally lodged one arm 195 of a lever 196 appropriatelypivoted on the bracket 192 while the other arm 197 of this lever has aprojection 198 in the path ofa member 199 to be hereinafter referred to,the construction being such that-when the lever 196 is rocked on itspivot support in. an appropriate direction the .arm 195 will engage thecam edges 194 and cause-the cor responding ends of the arms 189 and 190to. separate thus bringing the shear edges 193 at the other ends of thearms into operative relation to the strand 180 causing the severing ofthe latter- This operation is brought about in proper timed relation tocertain other parts of the structure not yet described but will bereferred to at the proper point in the description.

After the tuft strand has been laid across the warp shed it is formedinto loops which are woven into the fabric and at the same time are cutso that the raw ends are ex- .posed at, and constitute the wearingsurface of the finished fabric.

The mechanism for accomplishing this result is shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3and more in detail in Figs. 10 to '15 both inclusive, while portions ofthe mechanism are shown in other figures to which reference will be hadas needed. 0

Mounted on the two rods 108 are sleeves 200, one on each rod and thesesleeves are joined together by a bar 201 which may be provided with astiffening or strengthening rib 202. 4

Rising from each sleeve 200 is a standard 203 and these standards carrytwo parallel bars 204, 205 in appropriate spaced relation and extendingfrom one standard 203 to the other standard 203. The bars 204 and 205are provided with matching passages 206, 207 respectively for journalbearings on crank shafts 208 each of which is provided with a crankextension 209 beyond the bar 208 and at the end of the angle extension209 there is mounted a roller 210. At the outer end of. the crankportion of each crank shaft 208, between the bars 204 an 205 there ispivoted a link 211 carrying at its lower end'by a suitable pivotalconnection a hook 212' with a hook end 213 upstanding and in spacedrelation to the lower end of the body of the hook 212, it beingunderstood that the hook 212 is hung from the link 211 and has an extentof vertical movement in the loom.

Spaced from and parallelv with the bar 201 is another bar 214 supportedfrom the bar 205 by webs or brackets 215. The hooks 212 move in thedirection of their length between the bars 201 and 214 and aresufficiently thick whe re traversing the space between these bars tocome in contact one with the other, this maintaining the hooks 213 inproperspaced relation. Each hook 212 is provided with a feather 216engaging a groove 217 in the adjacent face of the bar 214 thus furtherserving to maintain the proper position of the hooks 212. Wheneverthe-crank-shafts 208 are turned in their bearings so that the crankportions bet-ween the bars 204 and 205 are pendent then the hooks 212are in their lowermost position and a turning of the shaft 208 toelevate the crank portions thereof between the bars 204 and 205 willresult in an elevation of the hooks 212 to a commensurate extent. Thestandards 203 also carry at their upper ends guide frames 218 in whichthere iscapable of sliding'a bar 219 having formed in one face-a camgroove 220 of a size to freelyand snugly receive the rollers 210 on theends 209 of the crank shafts 208. The groove 220 is formed in two partsin different planes one above the other and at. the meeting ends theportions of the groove are joined by an inclined orcam portion 221 oflimited length and serving a purpose to be described.

Each sleeve 200 carries a journal bearing 222 for the corresponding endof a shaft 22 3 extending from one sleeve 200 to the the longitudinalaxis of the shaft 223 when the knife 224 is active. The edge 225 of the1 Wit knife and one side wall of the groove 224 are then in shearingrelation. The shaft 223 near one end carries a radially projectingfinger 228 having a degree of curvature in the direction of its lengthand terminating in a point 229 which however may be somewhat blunt. Thepurpose of the finger 228 will appear hereinafter. The hook supportingmembers together with the hook and the shaft 223 are capable of movementalong the rods 108 with the supporting sleeves 200. This movement isaccomplished by means of a link 230 for each end of the hook carryingstructure pivotally connected thereto by means of cars 231, each linkbeing connected at the other end pivotally to one end, and in theparticular structure shown the upper free end of an arm 232 rising fromand fast to the shaft 125. This shaft has secured thereto other arms 233projecting therefrom close to the bottom of the loom and at their outerends carrying weights 234 which may be made adjustable along the arms233 and this is also true of the weights 124 on the arms 123.

The tendency of. the weights 234 acting through the arms 233 and shaft125 is to I move the arms 232 in a direction to move the sleeves 200 andparts carried thereby toward the delivery end of the loom.

The shaft 125 is rocked against the action of the weights 234 by a cam235 on the shaft 21, this cam being best shown in Fig. 15. The cam 235engages one of the arms 232 by a roller 236 carried by such arm. It willbe understood of course that two cams 235' may be utilized, each camacting on a respective arm 232. The cams 235 cause a movement of thehooks and the mechanism carrying the same away from the delivery end ofthe loom toward the other end thereof for a certain distance, while thereturn movement of the hooks and parts carrying them is caused by theaction of the weights 234 after the arms 232 have been released from thecams 235. w

The bar 219 is formed on the face opposite to that containing thegrooves 220 with a boss 237 containing a socket adapted to receive a pin238 on a bar or rod 239 mounted to slide longitudinally through bearings240 in brackets 241 carried by the frame 1 or by connections with thebrackets 27 guiding the heddle frames 28 and 29. The bar,

239 is connected by a link 242 to one end, and in the particular showingof the drawings the upper end of the lever 243 similar to the lever 136and similarly mounted in ears 244 formed on a plate 245 secured to thefloor upon which the loom rests or to a.

suitable portion of the frame of the loom.

The lever 243 receives motion by a link 246 similar to the link..138 andconnected by a pin 247 to the disk 153 in eccentric relation to the axisof rotation of said disk. Of

crankarm. Whenever the disk 153 is rotated then there is imparted to thebar 239 a movement of reciprocation through the intermediary of thelink- 246, lever 243 and link 242. The movement of the hook carryingmechanism including the bar 219 in a direction toward the bar 239 issufficient to carry the boss or socket 237 into receiving shown in Figs.18 and 19 and in part'visible in Figs. 1 and 2. On the rear face of thegear wheel 22 there is formed a circular rib 248 having at one point acam projection 249 in the direction of a radius extending from the axisof the shaft 21. In the path of the projection 249 is the free end of alever 2 50 pivoted at the other end on the frame 1 at an appropriatepoint, and this lever 250 is connected by'a link 251 to a slidable bar252 mounted in bearings 253 and 254 carried by the frame 1. .The upper.

end' of the bar whichis arranged to move in an approximately verticalpath, is bent to one side of the main body of the bar and then againinto parallelism therewith and, terminating in an eye 255. When the hookcarrying mechanism is atthe limit of its travel toward the delivery endof the ma chine-the finger 229 projects through the eye 255 as shown inF1gs.' 11 and 14. j

The bar 252 is maintained in a normally elevated position by means of aspring 256 secured at one end to the frame 1 and at the other ,end to anarm 257 on said bar. bearing 254 for the. bar 252 is so shaped thatwhile the bar is capable of moving in the direction of its lengththrough said bearing it may also rock in said bearing about a horizontalaxis. The guiding bearing 253 permits the longitudinal movement of thebar 252 through it but is sufliciently elongated so that thecorresponding end which is the lower end of the bar may move laterallyfor a limited extent. The action of the spring 256 is such as not onlyto maintainthe bar 252 in the normally elevated position, but to carrythe lower end of the bar toward the outer end of the hearing 253, at thesame time through the link 251 maintaining the free end of the lever 250in engagement with the concentric portion of the rib or flange 248.

On the bar 252 there is a stud or roller 258 in the path of aradialfinger or cam 259 on the shaft 24.

When the lever 250 rests against the concentric portion'of the rib orflange 248, then the lower'end of the bar 252 is at the outer end of thebearing 253, and the roller or The course the disk 153 might be replacedby a reed blades.

action of the spring 256 longitudinal of the bearings 254 and 253 to anextent sufficient to cause a rocking of the shaft 223 by an engagementof the eye end of the bar 252 with the finger 229 and the extent of therocking movement of the shaft 223 under these circumstances issufficient to cause the knives 224 to actively move with relation to thehooks 212 along the grooves 226 for a purpose which will presentlyappear.

I This action only takes place when the cam 249 engages the lever 250and rotative movement of the cam or finger 259 under any otherconditions is inactive.

The general operation of the machine is 'shown in Figs. 21 to 28 in sofar as the forming of the tufts and the placing of the same in thefabric, and in connection with the operation of the machine referencewill be had to other figures as needed.

In Fig. 21 the heddles 28 and 29 are shown as spreading the warps whilethe reed 105 is in the retracted position ready for the passage'of theshuttle which is indicated as traversing the race formed by the Thiscauses the laying of the weft strand 69 through the warp shed and whenthe shuttle has moved into the terminal portion of the race then thereed advances so that the edges 112 of'the beater blades 104 carry theweft strand 69 to the crossing point of the warp strands as shown inFig. 22. The reed 105 is again retracted and the heddles reversed thuscrossing the warp strands about the weft strands, and then the reedagain advances to bring the beater blades once more against the weftstrand to again beat it up. These operations are indicated in Figs. 23and 24. Once more the reed 105 is retracted, but this time the hooks 212move with it until the interior .of the hook is in line with the path ofthe tube 178. This tube is now advanced carrying the tuft strand 180through the space between the body members of the hooks and the ends213, the hooks in the meantime having been dropped so that their lowerportions are below the pins 114, the normal posit-ion of the hooks beingwith the lower portions above the pins 114, and the tube 17 8 traversesthe space within the hooks between the lower portions of the hooks andthe pins 114. When the tube 178 is retracted, which occurs after thestrand 180 has been 'caught by the gripper 181, the

strand then is lodged in the space between the pins 114 and the bottomof the hooks 212.

The movement of the hook mechanism with the reed toward the retractedposition of the latter has brought the bar 219 against the bar239 withthe pin 238 in the socket 237, and then the lever 243 is actuated tomove the bar 239 longitudinally -and the bar 219 participates in thismovement, causing the rollers 210 of the arms 209 to ride successivelyup the incline 221 of the groove 220 and thereby depress the hooks sothat the tube 178 will traverse them when it carries the strand 180toward the gripper. In the timed operation of the parts the direc-. tionof movement of the bar'239 is reversed as soon'as the tube 178 has beenretracted. or this reversal of direct-ion of movement of .the bar 239may begin while the tube 17 8 is still in motion toward the retractedposition. As the bar 239 moves toward its initial position the cam orinclined portion 221 of the groove 220 acts on the arms 209 to cause thesuccessive lifting of the hooks in the reverse order of thelowering of.these hooks. That hook which is nearest to the gripper for the strand180 is the first hook to be elevated and draws the strand aroundadjacent pins 114 and above the same to form a loop, the necessaryamount of strand 180 for this purpose feeding under the pawl at the endof the tube 178. Thesame operation occurs with the next and succeedinghooks as they are operated by the movement of the crank shafts 208 andsince the hooks act in succession from the gripper toward the tube 17 8,frictional engagement of the strand-180 with the hooks and pins, exceptwith one hook and pin at a time, is avoided.

- The bar 239 carries the'm'ember 199 and also another member 260 sopositioned that as the bar 239 completes its active'move-.

engagement with the lever 196 and the mem' her 260 is brought intoengagement with the lever 187. The lever 196 when moved by the member199 engages the cam surfaces 194 of the cutter arms 189 and 190 andbrings the shearing edges 193 into severing relation with the strand180, while at the same time the member 260 moves the lever 187 in adirection to release the gripper arms 183 to the action of the spring188 so that the end of the strand 180 engaged by the lever is released.

It will be observed that the cutters 189 and 190 are located close tothe end of the tube 178 when in its retracted position so that there isbut a short length of the strand tube but this projecting end of thestrand is suflicient to enter between the jaws 184 and to be grippedthereby. The operations just described having been completed the hooksare relatedto the reed as indicated in Fig. 27. Now the hooks and thereed move together toward the crossing point of the warp strands and thelooped tuft strand is carried to such point so that alternate Warpstrands enter the looped tuft strand from above and the other warpstrands enter the looped 'tuft strand from below. At this time thefreee'nd of the finger 229 has entered the eye 225 of the bar 252 andthe cam 249 engages the lever 250, and by the link 251 has moved the bar252 against the action of the spring 256 until at the inner end of thebearing 253. Now the arm or cam 259 engages the roller 258 and moves thebar 252 downward against the act-ion of the spring 256 causing a rockingof the shaft 233 by the engagement of the eye end of the bar- 252 withthe fin er 229. This causes the cutting edges of the knives 224 to passover those portions of the tuft strands overlying the part of the hooks212 traversed by the said knife and these ortions of the strands arethereby-severed, t e shaft 223 returning to its first position andcarrying the knives 224 back with it. Now another weft strand 69 iscarried through the Warp shed and beaten up and the heddles reversed andthe operations described with reference to Figs. 21 to 28 are repeated.

It will be understood that the several mechanisms are so constructed andtimed in operation as to perform their functions in proper sequence. Thewarp strands are fed step by step as needed, the heddle operatingmechanism becomes active intermittently at the proper time, the pickermotion throws the shuttle in proper relation to the action of the tuftforming mechanism, the reed is moved to carry the beater blades inactive position the necessary number of times by the several members ofthe cam 127, the

-hooks are moved to proper relation to the tuft strand feeding tube andare then lowered and the tuft strand is thrown across these hooks andthe tube withdrawn and then the hooks are elevated successively to formthe tuft strands into loops, the gripped end of the tuft strand isreleased and the other end is severed from that portion of the strandcoming from the tube 178 and then the looped tuft strand is carried tothe crossing point of the warp strands, and the upstanding portions ofthe loops of the tuft strand are then severed to present raw endsforming the exposed or wearing surface of the finished fabric.

The invention has been described as applied to a power loom, but the useof the invention is not limited to a power loom for there are featuresof the invention which are applicable to hand looms, for instance, themanner of forming the loops of the tuft strands m'ay'under somecircumstances be applied with advantage to a hand loom. For this reasonit is to be understood that the invention is not limited particularly tothe showing of the drawings but maybe variously modified while stillretaining the salient features of the invention,

\Vhat is claimed is:

1. In a loom a series of hooks, means for imparting longitudinalmovement to all of said hooks, means for movlng each of said hookstransversely and a cutting mechanism arranged in the path of said hooksand ac-' movement to all of said hooks, andmeans for moving each of saidhooks transversely to their line of travel as an entirety, a heater, aplurality of spring pressed pins carried by said beater, said pinsco-acting with said hooks to form loops, said heater and .loops beingcapable of independent longitudinal movement.

4. In a loom, a series of hooks active to a single strand, means formoving all of said hooks longitudinally, said hooks being capable of anindependent transverse movement, a beater capable of longitudinalmovement, a plurality of spring-pressed projections carried by saidbeater, said projections and said hooks' interdigitating to loop saidstrand, said projections releasing said strand when the hook and heaterare at the limit of their longitudinal movement.

5. In a loom, a series of loop-forming hooks, a frame pivotallysupporting said hooks, a shaft supporting said frame, a beater mountedfor longitudinal movement on said shaft,- and means carried by saidbeater and eo-acting with said hooks'to loop a tuft strand.

6. In a loom, a series of loop-forming members active to a singlestrand, a frame pivotally supporting said members,abeater, a pluralityof projections carried by said heater, said projections co-acting withsaid hooks to loop said strand, means for imparting a longitudinalmovement to the hook support and to said beater, said beater and supportmoving as a unit during their contact with said strand, said beaterbeing capable of movement independent of said hook support.

7. In a loom, a series of loop-forming hooks active to a single strand,a plurality of parallel rods, cranks rotatably supported by said rods,said cranks pivotally supporting said hooks, said cranks being provided

